Igipimo cyo Kumenya neza: Ubuyobozi bwawe buhebuje kuri Byose, Bifitanye isano, kandi Byuzuye (% FS) Ikosa

Wigeze ureba urupapuro rwabigeneweaigitutuimashini,agutembametero, cyangwaaubushyuhenawabonye umurongo umurongo nka "Ukuri: ± 0.5% FS"? Nibisobanuro bisanzwe, ariko mubyukuri bivuze iki kumakuru ukusanya? Bishatse kuvuga ko gusoma byose biri muri 0.5% byagaciro nyako? Nkuko bigaragara, igisubizo kiraruhije gato, kandi gusobanukirwa ibi bigoye ningirakamaro kubantu bose bagize uruhare mubuhanga, inganda, no gupima siyanse.

Ikosa nigice kitakwirindwa cyisi yisi. Nta gikoresho cyuzuye. Urufunguzo nugusobanukirwa imiterere yikosa, kuyigereranya, no kwemeza ko iri mumipaka yemewe kubisabwa byihariye. Aka gatabo kazerekana ibitekerezo byingenziofgupimaikosa. Bitangirana nibisobanuro fatizo hanyuma bikaguka muburorero bufatika hamwe ningingo zifatika zifitanye isano, bikaguhindura kuva umuntu usoma gusa ibisobanuro kumuntu ubyumva neza.

 

Ikosa ryo gupima ni iki?

Ku mutima wacyo,ikosa ryo gupimwa ni itandukaniro riri hagati yumubare wapimwe nukuri, agaciro nyako. Tekereza nk'ikinyuranyo hagati yisi nkuko igikoresho cyawe kibibona nisi uko imeze.

Ikosa = Agaciro gapimwe - Agaciro nyako.

"Agaciro nyako" ni igitekerezo cyukuri. Mubikorwa, agaciro nyako ntigashobora kumenyekana neza rwose. Ahubwo, agaciro gasanzwe gakoreshwa. Nagaciro katanzwe nigipimo cyo gupima cyangwa igikoresho cyerekana neza cyane (mubisanzwe inshuro 4 kugeza 10 zukuri) kuruta igikoresho cyageragejwe. Kurugero, mugihe uhindura aukubokoigitutuigipimo, "agaciro nyako gasanzwe" yakomotse kumurongo wo hejuru,laboratoireigitutukalibatori.

Gusobanukirwa iyi ntera yoroshye nintambwe yambere, ariko ntabwo ivuga inkuru yose. Ikosa rya milimetero 1 ntirisobanutse mugihe upima uburebure bwa metero 100, ariko birananirana cyane mugihe utunganya piston kuri moteri. Kugirango tubone ishusho yuzuye, dukeneye kwerekana iri kosa muburyo bunoze. Aha niho amakosa yuzuye, isano, hamwe nibisobanuro biza gukina.

Gukusanya Amakosa atatu yo gupima

Reka dusenye inzira eshatu zibanze zo kugereranya no kumenyekanisha ikosa ryo gupimwa.

1. Ikosa Rikabije: Gutandukana

Ikosa ryuzuye nuburyo bworoshye kandi butaziguye. Nkuko byasobanuwe mu nyandiko yatanzwe, ni itandukaniro ritaziguye hagati yo gupima nagaciro nyako, bigaragarira mubice byo gupima ubwabyo.

Inzira:

Urugero:

Urimo gupima urujya n'uruza mu muyoboro hamwe nani ukuriumuvudukoof50 m³ / h, nayawemetero yatembaasoma50.5 m³ / h, bityo ikosa ryuzuye ni 50.5 - 50 = +0.5 m³ / h.

Noneho, tekereza urimo gupima inzira itandukanye hamwe nukuri kwa 500 m³ / h, kandi metero yawe yatemba isoma 500.5 m³ / h. Ikosa ryuzuye riracyari +0.5 m³ / h.

Ni ryari ari ingirakamaro? Ikosa ryuzuye ni ngombwa mugihe cyo guhitamo no kugerageza. Iyemezwa rya kalibrasi izerekana urutonde rwose rwo gutandukana kumwanya utandukanye. Ariko, nkuko urugero rubigaragaza, ibuze imiterere. Ikosa ryuzuye rya +0.5 m³ / h ryumva rifite akamaro kanini kubipimo bito bitemba kuruta binini. Kugira ngo twumve icyo gisobanuro, dukeneye ikosa rigereranijwe.

2. Ikosa rifitanye isano: Ikosa mu murongo

Ikosa rifitanye isano ritanga imiterere ikosa ryuzuye ridafite. Irerekana ikosa nkigice cyangwa ijanisha ryagaciro nyako gupimwa. Ibi birakubwira uko ikosa rinini rijyanye nubunini bwo gupima.

Inzira:

Urugero:

Reka dusubiremo urugero rwacu:

Kuri 50 m³ / h itemba: Ikosa rifitanye isano = (0.5 m³ / h / 50 m³ / h) × 100% = 1%

Kubitemba 500 m³ / h: Ikosa rifitanye isano = (0.5 m³ / h / 500 m³ / h) × 100% = 0.1%

Mu buryo butunguranye, itandukaniro rirasobanutse neza. Nubwo ikosa ryuzuye ryari rihwanye na ssenariyo zombi, ikosa rigereranya ryerekana ko igipimo cyikubye inshuro icumi kugipimo cyo hasi.

Kuki iki kibazo? Ikosa rifitanye isano nicyiza cyane cyerekana imikorere yigikoresho aho gikorera. Ifasha gusubiza ikibazo ngo "Ubu buryo bwo gupima ni bwiza ki?" Nyamara, abakora ibikoresho ntibashobora gutondekanya ikosa ugereranije nagaciro gashoboka ushobora gupima. Bakeneye ibipimo bimwe, byizewe kugirango bemeze imikorere yibikoresho byabo mubushobozi bwayo bwose. Nibikorwa byo kwibeshya.

3. Ikosa ryerekana (% FS): Inganda zinganda

Nibisobanuro ubona kenshi kuri datasheets: ubunyangamugayo bugaragazwa nkijanishaofByuzuyeIgipimo (% FS), bizwi kandi nk'ikosa ryerekanwa cyangwa ikosa rya spanning. Aho kugereranya ikosa ryuzuye nagaciro kagereranijwe, iragereranya na span (cyangwa intera) yibikoresho.

Inzira:

Urwego rwo gupima (cyangwa Span) ni itandukaniro riri hagati yagaciro ntarengwa nigiciro gito igikoresho cyagenewe gupima.

Urugero rukomeye: Gusobanukirwa% FS

Reka twiyumvire kuguraaimashanyarazihamwe naibisobanuro bikurikira:

• Urwego: 0 kugeza 200 bar

• Ukuri: ± 0.5% FS

Intambwe ya 1: Kubara Ikosa ntarengwa ryemewe rwose.

Ubwa mbere, dusanga ikosa ryuzuye iyi ijanisha rihuye na: makosa ntarengwa = 0.5% × (200 bar - 0 bar) = 0.005 × 200 bar = ± 1 bar.

Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kubara, butubwira ko uko igitutu cyaba gipima kose, gusoma muri iki gikoresho byemezwa ko biri muri bar 1 umurongo w'agaciro nyako.

Intambwe ya 2: Reba uburyo Ibi bigira ingaruka mubyukuri.

Noneho, reka turebe icyo iri kosa bar 1 risobanura kumwanya utandukanye murwego:

• Gupima umuvuduko wa 100 bar (50% byurwego): Gusoma birashobora kuba ahantu hose kuva 99 kugeza 101. Ikosa rigereranijwe kuriyi ngingo ni (1 bar / 100 bar) × 100% = ± 1%.

• Gupima umuvuduko wa 20 bar (10% byurwego): Gusoma bishobora kuba ahantu hose kuva 19 kugeza 21. Ikosa rigereranijwe kuriyi ngingo ni (1 bar / 20 bar) × 100% = ± 5%.

• Gupima umuvuduko wa 200 bar (100% byurwego): Gusoma birashobora kuba ahantu hose kuva 199 kugeza 201. Ikosa rigereranijwe kuriyi ngingo ni (1 bar / 200 bar) × 100% = ± 0.5%.

Ibi birerekana ihame rikomeye ryibikoresho byerekana ko igikoresho kigereranijwe neza ni cyiza hejuru yurwego rwacyo kandi kibi munsi.

Uburyo bufatika: Nigute ushobora guhitamo igikoresho cyiza?

Isano iri hagati ya% FS nikosa rigereranije rifite ingaruka zikomeye muguhitamo ibikoresho.Gutoya yerekana ikosa, niko hejuru muri rusange igikoresho. Ariko, urashobora kandi kunoza ibipimo byawe byukuri muguhitamo urwego rukwiye rwo gusaba.

Amategeko ya zahabu yo gupima ni uguhitamo igikoresho aho ibikorwa byawe bisanzwe bikora bigwa mugice cyo hejuru (nibyiza, hejuru ya bibiri bya gatatu) byuzuye byuzuye. Reka tuzamure urugero:

Tekereza inzira yawe isanzwe ikora kumuvuduko wa 70 bar, ariko irashobora kugira impinga kugera kuri 90. Urimo gutekerezabibiriimiyoboro, byombi hamwe na ± 0.5% FS yukuri:

• Ikwirakwiza A: Urwego 0-500 bar

• Ikwirakwiza B: Urwego 0-100 bar

Reka tubare ikosa rishobora kuba ryibikorwa byawe bisanzwe bya 70 bar:

Ikwirakwiza A (0-500 bar):

• Ikosa ntarengwa = 0.5% × 500 bar = ± 2.5 bar.

• Kuri 70 bar, gusoma kwawe kurashobora guhagarara kuri 2.5 bar. Ikosa ryanyu ryukuri rifitanye isano ni (2.5 / 70) × 100% ≈ ± 3.57%. Iri ni ikosa rikomeye!

Ikwirakwiza B (0-100 bar):

• Ikosa ntarengwa = 0.5% × 100 bar = ± 0.5 bar.

• Kuri 70 bar, gusoma kwawe gushobora guhagarikwa na 0.5 bar. Ikosa ryanyu ryukuri ni (0.5 / 70) × 100% ≈ ± 0,71%.

Muguhitamo igikoresho hamwe nurwego "rukomatanyirijwe" muburyo bukwiye bwo gusaba kwawe, wateje imbere ibipimo nyabyo byo gupima kwisi ukoresheje ibintu bitanu, nubwo ibyo bikoresho byombi byari bifite igipimo kimwe cya "% FS" kuri datashe zabo.

Ukuri na Precision: Itandukaniro rikomeye

Kugirango umenye neza ibipimo, ikindi gitekerezo ni ngombwa: itandukaniro riri hagati yukuri nukuri. Abantu bakunze gukoresha aya magambo muburyo bumwe, ariko mubumenyi nubuhanga, basobanura ibintu bitandukanye cyane.

Ukuriisgutefunga igipimo ni agaciro nyako. Bifitanye isano nikosa ryuzuye kandi rifitanye isano. Igikoresho nyacyo, ugereranije, gitanga gusoma neza.

Icyitonderwaisgutefunga ibipimo byinshi byikintu kimwe ni kuri buriwese. Bivuga gusubiramo cyangwa guhuza ibipimo. Igikoresho gisobanutse kiguha gusoma kimwe buri gihe, ariko ibyo gusoma ntabwo byanze bikunze aribyo.

Dore intego yo kugereranya:

• Nukuri kandi neza: Amafuti yawe yose yegeranye cyane hagati ya bullseye. Nibyiza.

• Ntibisobanutse ariko Ntibisobanutse: Amafuti yawe yose yegeranye cyane, ariko ari mugice cyo hejuru-ibumoso bwintego, kure ya bullseye. Ibi byerekana ikosa ritunganijwe, nkurugero rutemewe ku mbunda cyangwa sensor ya Calibrated. Igikoresho gisubirwamo ariko burigihe kibi.

• Nukuri ariko Ntibisobanutse: Amafuti yawe anyanyagiye hirya no hino, ariko umwanya wabo ugereranije ni hagati ya bullseye. Ibi byerekana ikosa ridasanzwe, aho buri gipimo gihindagurika bitateganijwe.

• Ntabwo ari Byukuri cyangwa Byuzuye: Amafuti yatatanye ku bushake hirya no hino ku ntego, nta guhuzagurika.

Igikoresho gifite 0.5% ya FS isobanura neza, mugihe ibisobanuro (cyangwa gusubiramo) bikunze gushyirwa kumurongo nkikintu cyihariye kumurongo kuri datasheet kandi mubisanzwe numubare muto (mwiza) kuruta ukuri.

Umwanzuro

Gusobanukirwa nuanse yamakosa nibyo bitandukanya injeniyeri mwiza nuwakomeye.

Muncamake, kumenya ikosa ryo gupima bisaba kuva mubitekerezo byibanze ugashyirwa mubikorwa. Ikosa ryuzuye ritanga gutandukana kwibanze, ikosa rigereranijwe rishyira murwego rwo gupima ubungubu, kandi ikosa ryerekanwe (% FS) ritanga garanti isanzwe yikosa ryinshi ryibikoresho murwego rwose. Icyangombwa cyingenzi ni uko igikoresho cyerekanwe neza kandi nigikorwa cyukuri-cyisi ntabwo ari kimwe.

Mugusobanukirwa uburyo ikosa rihamye rya FS rigira ingaruka zingana kurwego, injeniyeri nabatekinisiye barashobora gufata ibyemezo byuzuye. Guhitamo igikoresho gifite intera ikwiye ya porogaramu ningirakamaro nkurwego rwukuri, kwemeza ko amakuru yakusanyijwe ari ukuri kwizewe kwukuri.

Igihe gikurikira uzasubiramo urupapuro hanyuma ukareba igipimo cyukuri, uzamenya neza icyo bivuze. Urashobora kubara ikosa rishoboka rishobora kubaho, ukumva uburyo iryo kosa rizagira ingaruka kubikorwa byawe ahantu hatandukanye, kandi ugafata icyemezo kibimenyesheje cyemeza ko amakuru ukusanya atari imibare kuri ecran gusa, ahubwo yerekana ukuri kwizewe.

Menyesha Inzobere Zipima