Umutoza Wibagiwe Inyuma Yegukanye Nobel
Na Se wubushinwa Automation Instrumentation
Dr. Chen-Ning Yang yizihizwa cyane nkumuhanga mu bya fiziki wegukanye igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel. Ariko inyuma yubwenge bwe hari umuntu utazwi - umujyanama we wa mbere, Professor Wang Zhuxi. Usibye gushiraho umusingi w’ubwenge wa Yang, Wang yari intangarugero mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa, ashyiraho urufatiro rw’ikoranabuhanga muri iki gihe inganda z’amashanyarazi ku isi.
Ubuzima bwo hambere hamwe nurugendo rwamasomo
Wang Zhuxi yavutse ku ya 7 Kamena 1911, avukira mu Ntara ya Gong'an, mu Ntara ya Hubei, mu gihe cya nimugoroba ku ngoma ya Qing, Wang Zhuxi yari ikirangirire kuva mu ntangiriro. Amashuri yisumbuye, yemerewe muri kaminuza ya Tsinghua ndetse na kaminuza nkuru y’igihugu, amaherezo ahitamo gukurikirana fiziki muri Tsinghua.
Yahawe buruse ya leta, nyuma yiga ibijyanye na fiziki y’ibarurishamibare muri kaminuza ya Cambridge, yishora mu isi y’ubumenyi bugezweho. Amaze gusubira mu Bushinwa, Wang yagizwe umwarimu w’ubugenge muri kaminuza nkuru y’amajyepfo y’Uburengerazuba bwa Associated University i Kunming - afite imyaka 27 gusa.
Ibikorwa by'ingenzi:
• 1911: Yavukiye Hubei
• 1930: Kaminuza ya Tsinghua
• 1938: Kwiga Cambridge
• 1938: Porofeseri afite imyaka 27
Ubuyobozi bw'amasomo na serivisi y'igihugu
Nyuma y’ishyirwaho rya Repubulika y’Ubushinwa, Porofeseri Wang yagize uruhare runini mu myigire n’ubuyobozi:
- Umuyobozi w'ishami rya fizikimuri kaminuza ya Tsinghua
- Umuyobozi wa Theoretical Physicsna nyumaVisi Perezidamuri kaminuza ya Peking
Inzira ye yahagaritswe cyane mugihe cya Revolution Revolution. Wang yoherejwe mu murima w'abakozi mu Ntara ya Jiangxi, Wang yaciwe muri kaminuza. Mu 1972, ni bwo uwahoze ari umunyeshuri we Chen-Ning Yang yagarutse mu Bushinwa asaba Minisitiri Zhou Enlai, ni bwo Wang yabonetse agarurwa i Beijing.
Agezeyo, yakoraga atuje ku mushinga w’indimi: gukora The New Radical-Based Chinese Character Dictionary Inkoranyamagambo - kure cyane y’ubushakashatsi bwe bwa fiziki.
Garuka kuri siyansi: Urufatiro rwo gupima urujya n'uruza
Mu 1974, Wang yatumiwe na Visi Perezida Shen wo muri kaminuza ya Peking gusubira mu mirimo ya siyansi - cyane cyane mu rwego rwo gufasha igisekuru gishya cy’abashakashatsi kumva imikorere iremereye, igitekerezo kikaba ari ingenzi cyane ku ikoranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera rya electronique.
Impamvu Imikorere Ibiro bifite akamaro
Muri kiriya gihe, amashanyarazi ya electromagnetiki yinganda yari manini, aruhije, kandi ahenze - yishingikirizaga imirima imwe rukuruzi hamwe na gride-frequency sine wave. Izi sensor zisabwa zifite uburebure bwikubye inshuro eshatu diameter, bigatuma bigorana gushiraho no kubungabunga.
Ibikorwa byo gupima byatanze uburyo bushya bwo kwerekana - bushoboza ibishushanyo mbonera bitagaragajwe cyane n’imiterere y’umuvuduko ukabije, bityo bikaba byoroshye kandi bikomeye. Mu miyoboro yuzuye igice, bafashaga guhuza uburebure butandukanye bwamazi kugirango igipimo cyogutemba neza hamwe nuburinganire bwakarere - bashiraho urufatiro rwo gusobanura ibimenyetso bigezweho mumashanyarazi ya electronique.
Inyigisho y'amateka muri Kaifeng
Muri Kamena 1975, nyuma yo gukora inyandiko yandikishijwe intoki, Porofeseri Wang yagiye mu ruganda rw’ibikoresho rwa Kaifeng gutanga ikiganiro cy’iminsi ibiri cyahindura inzira yo guteza imbere ibikoresho by’abashinwa.
Kugera Kwiyoroshya
Mu gitondo cyo ku ya 4 Kamena, yageze mu ikositimu yijimye, yari yitwaje agasakoshi kirabura gafite igitambaro kiziritse mu muyoboro wa pulasitike. Kubera ko nta bwikorezi bwatanzwe, yaraye mu nzu y’abashyitsi ya spartan - nta bwiherero, nta cyuma gikonjesha, gusa inzitiramubu nigitanda cyimbaho.
Nubwo ibi bihe byoroheje, inyigisho ye - ishingiye, itajenjetse, kandi ureba imbere - yagize ingaruka zikomeye kubashakashatsi n'abashakashatsi.
Umurage n'ingaruka hirya no hino mu Bushinwa
Nyuma y’inyigisho, Porofeseri Wang yakomeje kugirana umubano wa hafi n’uruganda rwa Kaifeng, atanga inama ku bishushanyo mbonera by’ibikoresho bya magnetiki bitameze kimwe. Inyigisho ze zateje umurongo wo guhanga udushya no gufatanya:
Shanghai Institute of Thermal Instrumentation
Yafatanije n'Ikigo cy'ikoranabuhanga cya Huazhong (Prof. Kuang Shuo) n'Uruganda rw'ibikoresho bya Kaifeng (Ma Zhongyuan)
Shanghai Guanghua Uruganda
Imishinga ihuriweho na kaminuza ya Shanghai Jiao Tong (Huang Baosen, Shen Haijin)
Uruganda rwibikoresho bya Tianjin No 3
Ubufatanye na kaminuza ya Tianjin (Prof. Kuang Jianhong)
Izi ngamba zateje imbere ubushobozi bw’Ubushinwa mu gupima imigezi kandi bifasha guhindura urwego ruva mu gishushanyo mbonera rugana ku guhanga udushya.
Umusanzu Urambye mu nganda zisi
Muri iki gihe, Ubushinwa buza ku mwanya wa mbere mu bayobozi ku isi mu gukora amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga mu nganda kuva gutunganya amazi, ibikomoka kuri peteroli, gutunganya ibiribwa ndetse n’imiti.
Byinshi muri ibyo byateye imbere bishobora guturuka ku gitekerezo cy’ubupayiniya n’ubwitange butajegajega bwa Porofeseri Wang Zhuxi - umugabo wagiriye inama abahawe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel, yihanganira ibitotezo bya politiki, kandi ahindura inganda acecetse.
Nubwo izina rye rishobora kuba ritazwi cyane, umurage we winjijwe cyane mubikoresho bipima, bigenga, kandi bigaha imbaraga isi ya none.
Wige byinshi kubyerekeye ibikoresho
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-22-2025