Ibipimo ngenderwaho by’amazi meza: Gusobanukirwa n’amazi meza kandi meza

Iriburiro: Akamaro k'ubuziranenge bw'amazi

Amazi niyo shingiro ryubuzima, umutungo wingenzi utunga ibinyabuzima byose kwisi. Ubwiza bwayo bugira ingaruka ku buzima bwacu, ubuzima bwiza, n'ibidukikije. Ibipimo byingenzi byubuziranenge bwamazi nibintu byingenzi bidufasha gusuzuma umutekano nuburyo amazi akoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye. Kuva amazi yo kunywa kugeza ibikorwa byo kwidagadura no kubungabunga ibidukikije, gusobanukirwa ubwiza bw’amazi ni ngombwa kugirango ejo hazaza harambye.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho by’amazi meza: Ubushakashatsi bwimbitse

1. pH Urwego:

Sobanukirwa nuburinganire bwa Acide na Alkaline mumazi

Urwego rwa pH nikimenyetso cyibanze cyubwiza bwamazi. Ipima aside cyangwa alkaline y'amazi ku gipimo cya 0 kugeza 14. PH ya 7 ntaho ibogamiye, munsi ya 7 ni acide, naho hejuru ya 7 ni alkaline. Kubuzima bwamazi, pH iringaniye ningirakamaro, kuko urwego rukabije rushobora kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi kandi rukagira ingaruka ku bwoko bw’amazi.

2. Igiteranyo Cyuzuye Cyuzuye (TDS):

Gusuzuma Kubaho kw'ibintu byashonze

TDS yerekana ubwinshi bwibintu kama kama nibinyabuzima byashonga mumazi. Ibi birashobora kubamo imyunyu ngugu, umunyu, hamwe nibintu bya trike. Urwego rwo hejuru rwa TDS rushobora guturuka ku mwanda cyangwa ku masoko karemano, bigira ingaruka ku buryohe ndetse n’umutekano w’amazi.

3. Guhindagurika:

Sobanukirwa n'amazi meza

Guhindagurika bivuga ibicu cyangwa ibyago byamazi biterwa no kuba hari uduce duto twahagaritswe. Umuvuduko mwinshi urashobora kwerekana umwanda kandi bikabuza kwinjira mu mucyo, bigira ingaruka ku bimera byo mu mazi no ku binyabuzima.

4. Ubushyuhe:

Gusuzuma Ubushyuhe bwamazi

Ubushyuhe bwamazi bugira ingaruka kuri ogisijeni yashonze kandi bigira ingaruka mubuzima bwamazi. Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe bwihuse irashobora guhungabanya urusobe rwibinyabuzima kandi biganisha ku kugabanuka kw amoko yoroheje.

5. Oxygene yamenetse (DO):

Umwuka Wingenzi Kubuzima bwamazi

KORA ni ngombwa kugirango ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi bibeho. Irerekana urwego rwa ogisijeni iboneka mumazi, kandi urugero rwa DO rushobora gutera hypoxia, kwangiza amafi nibindi binyabuzima byo mu mazi.

6. Ibinyabuzima bya Oxygene ikenerwa (BOD):

Gupima umwanda

BOD isuzuma urugero rwa ogisijeni isabwa na mikorobe kugirango ibore ibintu kama mumazi. Urwego rwo hejuru rwa BOD rusobanura umwanda kama, bishobora gutera eutrophasi no kwangiza urusobe rwibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.

7. Icyifuzo cya Oxygene ikenewe (COD):

Gusuzuma Umwanda Wanduye

COD ipima urugero rwa ogisijeni ikoreshwa na reaction ya chimique mumazi. Urwego rwo hejuru rwa COD rwerekana ko hariho imiti cyangwa imyanda ihumanya, bikaba byangiza abantu ndetse nubuzima bwamazi.

8. Urwego rwa Nitrate na Fosifate:

Gusuzuma Umwanda Wintungamubiri

Nitrati nyinshi na fosifate nyinshi mumazi birashobora gutera eutrophasique, biganisha kumurabyo wa algal no kugabanya urugero rwa ogisijeni, bikagira ingaruka mbi kubibera mumazi.

9. Imyenda yose hamwe na E. coli:

Kumenya kwanduza bagiteri

Coliforms na E. coli ni ibimenyetso byerekana kwanduza fecal mumazi, birashobora gutwara indwara zangiza zishobora gutera indwara zandurira mumazi.

10. Ibyuma biremereye:

Kumenya uburozi

Ibyuma biremereye nka gurş, mercure, na arsenic birashobora kwanduza amasoko y’amazi, bikaba byangiza ubuzima bw’abantu ndetse n’ibinyabuzima.

11. Ibisigisigi bya Chlorine:

Gusuzuma Kwanduza Amazi

Ibisigazwa bya Chlorine bituma habaho chlorine ihagije mumazi nyuma yo kuyanduza, bikarinda imikurire ya bagiteri mugihe cyo kuyikwirakwiza.

12. Trihalomethanes (THMs):

Gukurikirana Ibicuruzwa bya Chlorination

THMs ikora iyo chlorine ikora nibintu kama mumazi. Urwego rwo hejuru rushobora guteza ibibazo byubuzima kandi ni impungenge mumazi yo kunywa ya chlorine.

13. Radon:

Kumenya kwanduza radio

Radon ni gasanzwe isanzwe ya radio ishobora gushonga mumazi yubutaka. Urwego rwinshi rwa radon mumazi rushobora gukurura ingaruka zubuzima iyo zikoreshejwe.

14. Fluoride:

Kuringaniza ubuzima bw'amenyo

Fluoride ni ingirakamaro ku buzima bw'amenyo iyo ihari murwego rwiza mumazi. Nyamara, fluor ikabije irashobora gutera fluorose y amenyo nibindi bibazo byubuzima.

15. Arsenic:

Gusobanukirwa Akaga ko Kwanduza Arsenic

Arsenic nikintu cyuburozi gishobora kubaho muburyo busanzwe cyangwa mubikorwa byinganda, bigatera ingaruka zikomeye kubuzima mubitekerezo byinshi.

16. Gukomera:

Gusuzuma Ubworoherane bw'amazi

Gukomera bivuga kuba ion na calcium na magnesium ion mu mazi, bigira ingaruka kubikorwa byimbere mu gihugu no mu nganda.

17. Sulfate:

Gusuzuma uburyohe bwamazi numunuko

Sulfate irashobora gutera amazi uburyohe no guhumurirwa. Kugenzura urwego rwa sulfate rutanga ubwiza bwamazi yo gukoresha nibindi bikorwa.

18. Carbone Organic Carbone (TOC):

Gupima ibinyabuzima

TOC yerekana urwego rwibintu kama mumazi, bishobora gufata imiti yica udukoko kugira ngo bibyare umusaruro mubi.

19. Acide Haloacetic (HAAs) na Trihalomethanes (THMs):

Kuringaniza Ibicuruzwa byangiza

HAAs na THMs ni disinfection byproducts zakozwe mugihe chlorine ikorana nibintu kama. Gukurikirana ibyo bikoresho bituma amazi yanduza umutekano.

20. Kurongora n'umuringa:

Kurinda Amazi Yanduye

Isasu n'umuringa birashobora kuva mu mazi biva mu miyoboro no mu bikoresho, bisaba gukurikirana kugira ngo ubuzima bw'abaturage bube.

21. Microplastique:

Gutahura umwanda uhangayikishijwe

Microplastique yabaye ikibazo cyingutu mu gusuzuma ubuziranenge bw’amazi, bitera ingaruka ku buzima bwo mu mazi ndetse n’ingaruka z’ubuzima bwa muntu.

Igice cya nyuma gishimangira akamaro k'inshingano z'umuntu ku giti cye mu kubungabunga umutungo w'amazi, kurinda ubwiza bw'amazi, no kubona amazi meza kandi meza mu bihe bizaza.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho by’amazi meza: Urufunguzo rw'ejo hazaza heza

Gusobanukirwa ibipimo ngenderwaho by’amazi ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga umutungo wacu w'agaciro - amazi. Kuva ku rwego rwa pH kugeza ku byuma biremereye hamwe na mikorobe zanduza, buri kimenyetso kigira uruhare runini mu gusuzuma ubwiza bw’amazi no kumenya ingaruka zishobora kubaho. Mu kwemera ibi bipimo no gushyira mubikorwa ingamba zikenewe, turashobora kubungabunga ubuzima bwacu, kurengera ibidukikije, no kubona ejo hazaza heza kuri bose.

Ibibazo:

Ikibazo: Ni kangahe nagerageza gupima amazi yo kunywa kubanduye?

Igisubizo: Birasabwa gupima amazi yawe yo kunywa buri mwaka kubihumanya bisanzwe nka bagiteri, gurş, na nitrate. Niba ubonye impinduka zose muburyohe, impumuro, cyangwa ibara, tekereza kugerageza kenshi.

Ikibazo: Nshobora gushingira kuri raporo zingirakamaro zamazi kumakuru yamakuru meza?

Igisubizo: Mugihe ibikorwa rusange byamazi bigomba gutanga raporo yubuziranenge bwamazi yumwaka, biracyafite akamaro ko gukora ibizamini byigenga kugirango amakuru yukuri nukuri.

Ikibazo: Akayunguruzo k'amazi kagira akamaro mugukuraho umwanda wose mumazi?

Igisubizo: Akayunguruzo k'amazi karatandukanye mubikorwa. Bamwe barashobora gukuraho umwanda wihariye, mugihe abandi batanga filteri yuzuye. Hitamo akayunguruzo kemejwe numuryango uzwi kubisubizo byiza.

Ikibazo: Nigute nshobora kugabanya umwanda w’amazi mu gace kanjye?

Igisubizo: Urashobora kugabanya kwanduza amazi ukoresheje imyanda neza, ukoresheje ibicuruzwa bitangiza ibidukikije, kubungabunga amazi, no gutera inkunga ibikorwa biteza imbere amazi meza.

Ikibazo: Ni izihe ngaruka zubuzima bwo kunywa amazi yanduye?

Igisubizo: Kurya amazi yanduye birashobora gukurura ibibazo bitandukanye byubuzima, harimo ibibazo byigifu, kwandura, gutinda kwiterambere, nindwara zidakira.

Ikibazo: Nigute nshobora gutanga umusanzu mubikorwa byo kubungabunga amazi?

Igisubizo: Urashobora kubungabunga amazi mugukosora imyanda, ukoresheje ibikoresho bizigama amazi, kwitoza gukoresha amazi neza, no gushyigikira ubukangurambaga bwo kubungabunga amazi.